{"id":34210,"date":"2023-10-24t20:13:20","date_gmt":"2023-10-24t20:13:20","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.getitdoneaz.com\/?p=34210"},"modified":"2023-10-25t14:19:02","modified_gmt":"2023-10-25t14:19:02","slug":"icelands-glacier-tourism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.getitdoneaz.com\/story\/icelands-glacier-tourism\/","title":{"rendered":"transforming iceland | an unclear future for iceland’s glacier tourism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

on a july afternoon at the perlan museum in reykjav\u00edk, iceland, during the peak of tourist season, roughly two dozen visitors line up to enter the world\u2019s first indoor replica of a glacier. about 200 miles away, at a campsite parking lot in southern iceland, another line of tourists waits for their guided hike up to the real thing: skaftafellsj\u00f6kull, one of the country\u2019s disappearing natural landmarks.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cwhen they are gone from nature, we will have already worked to preserve them,\u201d says j\u00f3hanna erla, the director of marketing at the perlan museum. a year ago, the perlan opened its ice caves exhibit \u2013 even integrating snow and ash from nearby volcanoes<\/span><\/span> into that first-ever indoor glacier replica<\/span>. but soon, ice caves like the perlan\u2019s may be all that\u2019s left for visitors. in 2003, iceland held a funeral for okj\u00f6kull<\/a>, the country\u2019s first glacier to vanish from climate change. researchers estimate<\/a> that by 2200 almost all of them will be gone. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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a glacier tour company’s headquarters advertises guided tours of skaftafellsj\u00f6kull glacier in the south of iceland. (sachi kitajima mulkey<\/em>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

historically a geological menace for icelandic settlers, these icy goliaths have recently become a growing major attraction in the country\u2019s robust tourism economy, along with providing the backbone of its energy infrastructure. but iceland\u2019s population is over 4 times smaller than the number of international visitors, and the tourism boom comes at a carbon cost: despite iceland’s comparatively low greenhouse gas emissions, which advance global warming, visitors to iceland contribute <\/span>to a surprisingly high proportion of iceland’s carbon emissions.<\/span><\/a> with so much on the line, an uncertain future leaves the tourism industry scrambling to decide how best to share the experience of their glaciers before they\u2019re gone.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

iceland\u2019s glaciers grew over thousands of years as layers of snow compressed under their own weight to form hulking, crystalline expanses of ice, streaked with remnants of volcanic ash. encompassing 11% of the country\u2019s land, glaciers once posed a danger to early icelandic settlers as they melted seasonally, flooding valleys and creating torrential rivers that restricted travel. now, they captivate more than an estimated million visitors a year with their signature, ethereal blue glow. such nature-seeking tourists provide <\/span>39% of the country\u2019s gdp<\/span><\/a> and support <\/span>almost half of its jobs<\/span><\/a>. and in a country that boasts almost 100% renewable energy, more than 70% of it comes from hydropower that relies on water from glacier melt. <\/span>
<\/span>
<\/span>\u201cthe future is pretty scary, safe to say,\u201d says andri gunnarsson, the chairman of the icelandic glaciology society and manager of hydrological and glaciological research at landsvirkjun, the national power company of iceland. \u201c[iceland\u2019s glaciers] will disappear. there\u2019s no more uncertainty; it\u2019s just about the timing.\u201d as their glaciers vanish, iceland\u2019s energy landscape, tourism attractions, and economy will have to adapt.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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a group of tourists hikes along iceland’s western coast. (sachi kitajima mulkey<\/em>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

along with facilitating seasonal field work, gunnarsson leads guests and scientific researchers on seasonal glacier expeditions in iceland. from huts maintained by the glaciological society, researchers can get up close to glaciers to track their melt while in dialogue with people outside academia, like artists. for gunnarsson, engaging different parts of society with the reality of the climate crisis is an important step toward educating the public.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cwe know the data but scientists aren\u2019t always the best people to tell a story,\u201d he says, while acknowledging the complexity of having visitors travel from abroad for his expeditions. \u201cyou want people to witness climate change, but at the same time it’s fueling the climate crisis.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

this irony is not lost on the country\u2019s officials. \u201c<\/span>you can’t really compare anything called tourism in my youth with what it is today. it’s just changed so dramatically,\u201d says <\/span>\u00d3l\u00f6f \u00ddrr atlad\u00f3ttir, former director general of icelandic tourism. in her 10 years as director, atlad\u00f3ttir often puzzled over how to solve the tourist industry\u2019s crowd-management issues. during her tenure, she<\/span> says she contemplated a disneyland-like approach to managing crowded natural tourist attractions. many popular sites, such as hot-steam geysers, glaciers, and volcanos, are dangerous for visitors in such large numbers, she says. by curating the experience more, she believes visitors would get a safer and more sustainable experience.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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a large snow plane feeds into j\u00f6kuls\u00e1rl\u00f3n glacier lake in the south of iceland. (sachi kitajima mulkey<\/em>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u201cpeople travel because they want to have an expression of freedom, and we have to maintain that,\u201d atlad\u00f3ttir<\/span><\/span> said. \u201cbut if i was a glacier, how would i look at what is happening?\u201d according to the <\/span>iceland monitor<\/span><\/a>, more than 80% of tourists rent cars during their stay and arrive by plane or ship, which are high emission methods of travel.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

now running and operating her own travel agency, <\/span>atlad\u00f3ttir says losing glaciers would be complicated for the economy and come with difficult consequences for the country. but in the face of inevitable change, atlad\u00f3ttir advocates for future planning that considers potential new attractions that melting glaciers might reveal, such as river rafting. <\/span>\u201cconservation sometimes is looking at nature as a static thing, but glaciers have always grown, receded and changed,\u201d she says. \u201cyou have to think, are you preserving [nature] just because you happen to be there and you like the way it is?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

at the perlan museum, the world\u2019s first attempt at preserving the experience of a glacier proved tricky. to test such a large ice structure, the museum used a decommissioned fishery warehouse freezer, mimicking the layer-by-layer compression of snow that forms real glacier ice. although the museum opened six years ago, due to logistics and covid-19 related challenges, the ice caves exhibition has only recently celebrated one uninterrupted year of operation. the completed exhibit is held inside one of the six water tanks that the museum is built on, and features real snow from the nearby bl\u00e1fj\u00f6ll mountains, and volcanic ash sourced from eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull, a volcano that last erupted in 2010. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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visitors to the perlan museum walk through the ice caves exhibit. (sachi kitajima mulkey<\/em>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

today, visitors can descend into a blue-ice series of tunnels under the perlan for a completely instagrammable glacier experience. along with touchable recreations of glacier moss and frigid temperatures, visitors can pose at the selfie station or on the \u201cgame of thrones\u201d-inspired ice-throne before ascending out of the exhibit into a climate change exhibition on glacier melt.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cof course it\u2019s going to be different, because you aren\u2019t actually going there. because not everyone can,\u201d says erla, the director of marketing at the perlan.<\/span> “it\u2019s about learning, getting a sense of the deep cold and experiencing the inside of the cave.” even while real glaciers exist, she says visitors come to ice cave for its accessibility. due to the danger of visiting real glacial ice caves, such as unpredictable weather and rough terrain, erla says going to an ice cave may not be safe for all tourists. located near travel ports in reykjav\u00edk and running on renewable energy, the ice caves exhibit also provides a glacier experience at a relatively low carbon cost.<\/span>
<\/span>
<\/span>while some glacier hiking tour companies may be utilizing a \u201csee them before they\u2019re gone\u201d strategy in their marketing, erla says the perlan is only in the business of education. like gunnarsson, she views the experience of a glacier as an important part of understanding their significance. \u201ci don\u2019t think climate change is a selling point. i think it\u2019s just reality,\u201d she says, noting that artificial ice caves could eventually replace lost glaciers as a tourist attraction. at the perlan, visitors can also experience other recreations of nature, such as a virtual northern lights show or learn about the great auk, a now-extinct icelandic bird.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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a waterfall leads into a highway that runs along iceland’s west coast. photo by sachi kitajima mulkey.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

glaciers were historically \u201cjust a part of the landscape,\u201d but as awareness of climate impacts has increased among the population, erla, gunnarsson, and <\/span>atlad\u00f3ttir all say that they have become an important icelandic symbol. \u201cjust look at our flag,\u201d erla says<\/span>. \u201cit represents ice, fire, and water. it\u2019s part of the country.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

for atlad\u00f3ttir, thorough future planning by icelandic officials is a critical, and historically overlooked, key to developing sustainable tourism that can recover after glaciers melt. but with planning, she believes the country can be resilient to a glacier-less future. \u201cit is sad,\u201d she says. \u201cbut it is a reality. and you adapt to that and then you find beauty in something else.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n
\n\t\tsee the full series<\/a>\n\t<\/section><\/div>\n\n\n

editor\u2019s note: lindblad expeditions<\/a>, our planet forward storyfest competition partner, made this series possible by providing winners with an experiential learning opportunity aboard one of their ships. all editorial content is created independently. we thank lindblad expeditions for their continued support of our project.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

as climate change melts glaciers worldwide, iceland’s prominent tourism industry will have to adapt to the loss of a key attraction<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10213,"featured_media":34200,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4905,4916,4910,4914,4895,4904],"tags":[],"storyfest_categories":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\ntransforming iceland | an unclear future for iceland's glacier tourism - planet forward<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"as climate change melts glaciers worldwide, iceland's prominent tourism industry will have to adapt to the loss of a key attraction\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"\/\/www.getitdoneaz.com\/story\/icelands-glacier-tourism\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_us\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"transforming iceland | an unclear future for iceland's glacier tourism - 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